Diesel Injection Defined
Unlike a gasoline powered internal combustion engine which actually uses sparks (from a spark plug) to ignite the fuel, your diesel burning engine actually compresses the fuel in the combustion chamber. Therefore, the fuel delivery of your diesel rig differs slightly from that of gasoline-powered engines.
How Diesel Injection Works
In your modern diesel engine, the ECM/ECU senses a whole host of parameters like engine speed, engine load, intake manifold pressure, atmospheric pressure and fuel temperature. The ECU then figures and controls injection timing and the amount of fuel delivered through the actuators to the cylinders. The 2 main types of diesel injection include
Direct Injection and
Indirect Injection.
- Direct Injection: Direct injection injectors mount at the top of the combustion chamber. The design is inherently noisy; however, fuel consumption is about 15-20% better than other fuel delivery methods.
- Indirect Injection: Indirect injection delivers fuel into a prechamber or ante-chamber which sits off the combustion chamber. This is where initial combustion takes place before being spread to the actual combustion chamber. Though the design makes for a quieter engine, the fuel efficiency can be reduced by 5%–10%.
Componenets of Diesel Injection
Your diesel injection system is made up of many different components that can be narrowed down to 4 main systems. These include the
Cold Start Valves, Diesel Injection Pumps, Diesel Injectors and Diesel Vacuum Pumps.
- Cold Start Valves: The cold start valve delivers a richer air/fuel mixture at start up—much like the choke on a carbureted engine. Common components of the cold start valve assembly are the valve itself, o-rings and gaskets.
- Diesel Injection Pumps: The diesel injection pump is self explanatory. It basically pumps the fuel to the injectors for delivery. Common components of the injection pump assembly are the air pump shut off valve, diesel injection pump, diesel primer pump, diesel injection pump solenoid, diesel injection pump seal, diesel injection pump gasket, diesel delivery valve o-ring, diesel ignition shut off cable, diesel injection pump diaphragm, diesel injection pump filter, diesel injection pump timer and diesel pressure valve seal.
- Diesel Injector: The diesel injectors are responsible for the actual injection of fuel. Some of the important components that may cause fuel delivery failure include the diesel injector, diesel prechamber, diesel injector heat shield, diesel fuel line bracket, diesel fuel thermostat, diesel cigar hose, diesel injector hose, diesel injector line, diesel injector nozzle and the diesel injector plug. For a selection of high-performance injectors, check our Fuel Injectors department.
- Diesel Vacuum Pumps: Vacuum pumps create the vacuum needed to draw the fuel. Common diesel vacuum pump components include the diesel vacuum pump, diesel vacuum control valve, diesel vacuum pump repair kit, diesel vacuum pump gasket, diesel vacuum pump check valve and the vacuum valve lever.
Diesel Injection Parts
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