In the 1950s and 60s, several government studies revealed that a significant amount of air pollution could be attributed to automobiles. In 1967, California formed the California Air Resources Board, and the Environmental Protection Agency was formed at the federal level in 1970. Both agencies set out to create and enforce emission regulations for all automobiles.
The Components of an Emissions Control System:
Emissions Control is basically comprised of 4 systems: Air injection, Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR), Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) and
catalytic converters. By running the pollutants through a series of emissions systems, exhaust is detoxified of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and a host of other nasties that no one wants to breathe.
Air Injection and Smog Pumps:
Air Injection, the first emission control system, proved so effective that we still use it today. It is a secondary air injection where air is injected into the engine's exhaust ports to burn hydrocarbons and basically dilute the pollutants. Important parts of the Air Injection system include the air pump, air pump shut off valve, air pump filter, air pump relay, air pump hose, air pump pulley, air pump control valve gasket, air pump control valve, anti backfire valve and the air pump solenoid valve.
Exhaust Gas Recirculation – EGR Systems & EGR Valves:
The EGR System is installed between the exhaust and intake manifolds. Under certain conditions the valve opens, allowing exhaust to enter the air intake. Since exhaust really doesn’t burn or combust, the air/fuel charge is diluted which reduces combustion chamber temperatures and reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) levels. The most common parts of your
EGR System to need replacing are the
EGR valve, EGR Vacuum Solenoid and the EGR Valve Gasket. Other important parts of the system include the EGR Check Valve, EGR Temperature Sensor, Carbon Canister and the Vapor Canister Filter.
Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV):In the old days, crankcase combustion gases just vented through a tube open to the atmosphere and the road below. The modern PCV system directs the crankcase combustion gases back into the combustion chamber as part of a fresh of air/fuel charge. The components of your PCV system often in need of replacement include the
PCV Valve,
PCV Hose, PCV Filter, PCV Valve Grommet and the PCV Oil Trap.
Catalytic Converters:Any pollutants that makes it past these early safeguards heads to the exhaust system to be re-burned in the catalytic converter, and finally spat out the tailpipe in as an inert condition as possible.
Emissions Control Systems Parts
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